Surah Az-Zumar • Ayah 10
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The Command for Taqwa, Emigration and to worship Him alone with all SincerityAllah commands His believing servants to remain steadfast in their obedience and have Taqwa of Him. قُلْ يعِبَادِ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ اتَّقُواْ رَبَّكُمْ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُواْ فِى هَـذِهِ الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةٌ(Say: "O My servants who believe, have Taqwa of your Lord. Good is for those who do good in this world...") means, the one who does good deeds in this world, will have a good (reward) in this world and in the Hereafter. وَأَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةٌ(and Allah's earth is spacious!) Mujahid said, "So emigrate through it and strive hard and keep away from idols." إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى الصَّـبِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ(Only those who are patient shall receive their reward in full, without reckoning.) Al-`Awza`i said, "Their reward will not be weighed or measured; they will be given an immense reward." As-Suddi said: إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى الصَّـبِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ(Only those who are patient shall receive their reward in full, without reckoning.) means, "In Paradise." قُلْ إِنِّى أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ مُخْلِصاً لَّهُ الدِّينَ (Say: "Verily, I am commanded to worship Allah, making religion sincerely for Him...") means, `I am commanded to worship Allah alone in all sincerity, with no partner or associate.' وَأُمِرْتُ لاًّنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ (And I am commanded (this) in order that I may be the first of the Muslims.)
ہر حال میں اللہ کی اطاعت لازمی ہے ٭٭اللہ تعالیٰ اپنے ایماندار بندوں کو اپنے رب کی اطاعت پر جمے رہنے کا اور ہر امر میں اس کی پاک ذات کا خیال رکھنے کا حکم دیتا ہے کہ ” جس نے اس دنیا میں نیکی کی اس کو اس دنیا میں اور آنے والی آخرت میں نیکی ہی نیکی ملے گی۔ تم اگر ایک جگہ اللہ کی عبادت استقلال سے نہ کر سکو تو دوسری جگہ چلے جاؤ اللہ کی زمین بہت وسیع ہے “۔ معصیت سے بھاگتے رہو شرک کو منظور نہ کرو۔ صابروں کو ناپ تول اور حساب کے بغیر اجر ملتا ہے جنت انہی کی چیز ہے۔ مجھے اللہ کی خالص عبادت کرنے کا حکم ہوا ہے اور مجھ سے یہ بھی فرما دیا گیا ہے کہ اپنی تمام امت سے پہلے میں خود مسلمان ہو جاؤں اپنے آپ کو رب کے احکام کا عامل اور پابند کرلوں۔صفحہ نمبر7793
آیت 10 { قُلْ یٰعِبَادِ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوا اتَّقُوْا رَبَّکُمْ } ”اے نبی ﷺ ! آپ کہیے کہ اے میرے وہ بندو جو ایمان لائے ہو ! اپنے رب کا تقویٰ اختیار کرو۔“ تم لوگ اللہ پر ایمان لائے ہو تو اب تمہیں ہر وقت اللہ کی رضا جوئی کی فکر ہونی چاہیے۔ لہٰذا اللہ جو کام کرنے کا حکم دے وہ کرو اور جس سے وہ منع کرے اس سے باز رہو۔ یہاں پر مسلمانوں کو نبی اکرم ﷺ کی وساطت سے مخاطب کیا گیا ہے۔ یہاں پر یہ نکتہ ایک دفعہ پھر ذہن نشین کرلیں کہ مکی سورتوں میں اہل ایمان کو مخاطب کرنے کا یہی انداز ملتا ہے ‘ جبکہ یٰٓاَیُّہَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا کے الفاظ سے براہ راست خطاب کا اسلوب صرف مدنی سورتوں میں پایا جاتا ہے۔ چناچہ یہاں اہل ایمان سے براہ راست خطاب کرنے کے بجائے حضور ﷺ کو مخاطب کر کے فرمایا گیا ہے کہ اے نبی ﷺ ! آپ میری طرف سے میرے اہل ایمان بندوں کو یہ پیغام پہنچا دیں : { لِلَّذِیْنَ اَحْسَنُوْا فِیْ ہٰذِہِ الدُّنْیَا حَسَنَۃٌ} ”جو لوگ احسان کی روش اختیار کریں گے ‘ ان کے لیے اس دنیا میں بھی بھلائی ہے۔“ { وَاَرْضُ اللّٰہِ وَاسِعَۃٌ} ”اور اللہ کی زمین بہت وسیع ہے۔“ اگر مکہ میں رہتے ہوئے تمہارے لیے توحید پر کاربند رہنا ممکن نہیں رہا تو یہاں سے ہجرت کر جائو۔ { اِنَّمَا یُوَفَّی الصّٰبِرُوْنَ اَجْرَہُمْ بِغَیْرِ حِسَابٍ } ”یقینا صبر کرنے والوں کو ان کا اجر پورا پورا دیا جائے گا بغیر حساب کے۔“ اجر کے حوالے سے یہاں پر یُوَفَّی کا اصول بھی بتایا گیا ہے اور بِغَیْرِ حِسَابٍ کی نوید بھی سنائی گئی ہے۔ یعنی پورا پورا بدلہ دینے کے بعد اللہ کا مزید فضل بھی ہوگا۔ اور اللہ تعالیٰ کے فضل کے معاملے میں حساب کا کوئی سوال ہی نہیں !
In verse 10, it was said: وَأَرْضُ اللَّـهِ وَاسِعَةٌ (and the earth of Allah is wide).In the sentence previous to this, Good deeds had been enjoined. This might prompt someone to come up with the excuse, 'The city or country in which I live, or the social milieu I am stuck with around me stops me from doing good deeds.' This sentence carries an answer to this excuse - 'if you find adherence to Islamic legal injunctions difficult while living in some particular country, city or social setup, then, leave it. The earth of Allah is wide enough. Go and live at a place and in a surrounding that is conducive to remaining obedient to Divine commandments.' This persuades one to migrate from a place living in which one cannot dutifully follow and observe what has been enjoined by his religion. Some rules relating to hijrah (emigration) have already appeared in the commentary on Surah An-Nisa' (Ma’ ariful-Qur’ an, Volume II, Index p. 659, see under Hijrah).In the last sentence of verse 10, it was said: إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُم بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ (Certainly those who observe patience will be given their reward in full without measure.) The expression: بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ (bighayri-hisab: without measure) means that the reward of those who endure ordeals will not be given to them under some pre-determined calculations or measures, instead, it will be sans-calculation, sans-reckoning, in a spirit of generosity at its most sublime as mentioned in a Hadith narration that follows. Some others have interpreted this expression in the sense of request, or claim, that is, in this worldly life, should someone have some right due on someone, he has to initiate the claim for it. But, with Allah, those who observe patience will be given their reward without any request or claim.Qatadah reports from Sayyidna Anas ؓ that the Holy Prophet ﷺ said, 'On the Day of Judgment, a Scale of Justice will be set in place. When people who had given Sadaqah (charity) come forward, whatever they had given will be weighed, and they will be given their full reward against it. Similarly, the acts of worship such as Salah and Hajj will be weighed, and its reward would be duly given to those who had performed these. And when come those who had stood patient against trials and tribulations, for them, there will be no measure and weight, instead, their return and reward will be rolled down towards them without calculation, measure or reckoning - because, Allah Ta ala has said: إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُم بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ (Certainly those who observe patience will be given their reward in full without measure. - 39:10). So much so that people who had lived their life of the mortal world in perfect peace and comfort would wish, 'alas! Had our bodies been shredded with scissors during our life in the mortal world, we too would have earned a similar return for our endurance and patience against trials.'Imam Malik (رح) has taken: صَابرین (as-sabirun) in this verse to mean people who endure hardships and remain patient over sorrows of the mortal life. Some elders have said that it means people who hold their self in check against acts of disobedience and sin. Qurtubi says, 'when the word: صَابِر (sabir: patient) is uttered unaccompanied by some other word, it invariably means a person who observes patience against hardships caused during the process of making one's desiring self abstain from sins. And when the word: صَبر (sabir) is used for a person who remains patient against distress, it is coupled with some other words: صَابِرت علی کَذَا (one who is patient against such and such distress). وَاللہ سبحانہ و تعالیٰ اَعلَم Allah knows best.
Due to severe persecution by the Quraysh, the Prophet (ﷺ) advised a group of approximately 15 Muslims (11 men, 4 women) to migrate to the Christian kingdom of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) ruled by the just Negus (Ashama ibn Abjar). The Negus granted them protection after hearing recitation of Surah Maryam.
A second, larger group of approximately 83 men and 18 women migrated to Abyssinia to escape intensifying Qurayshi persecution. The Quraysh sent Amr ibn al-As and Abdullah ibn Abi Rabia as envoys to the Negus to have them returned, bringing gifts. But the Negus, after hearing Jafar ibn Abi Talib recite verses from Surah Maryam, refused to hand them over, declaring he could find no difference between their message and that of Jesus.
Bilal ibn Rabah (RA), an Abyssinian slave, accepted Islam and was tortured by his master Umayyah ibn Khalaf. He was dragged across hot sand with a heavy rock on his chest and told to renounce Islam, but he repeated "Ahad! Ahad!" (One! One!). Abu Bakr (RA) purchased and freed him. Bilal became the first muezzin of Islam.
Khabbab ibn al-Aratt (RA), a blacksmith and freed slave, was tormented by his owner Umm Anmar who pressed burning coals against his back. He bore the scars for life. He later came to the Prophet complaining of the persecution, and the Prophet urged patience, foretelling the future victory of Islam.
The Aksumite Empire of Abyssinia (modern Ethiopia) was one of the most powerful states in the ancient world (1st–7th century CE). When the early Muslims fled Makkah's persecution, the Prophet (ﷺ) directed them to King Ashama ibn Abjar (the Negus), saying: 'There is a king who wrongs no one.' The Negus protected the Muslims, refused the Quraysh demands for extradition, and eventually accepted Islam privately. This historical event demonstrated that just governance and protection of the oppressed transcend religious boundaries.
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