Surah Al-Kahf • Ayah 75
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The Story of killing the Boyفَانطَلَقَا(Then they both proceeded,) means, after the first incident,حَتَّى إِذَا لَقِيَا غُلاَمًا فَقَتَلَهُ(till they met a boy, and he (Khidr) killed him.) It has been stated previously that this boy was playing with other boys in one of the towns, and that Al-Khidr deliberately singled him out. He was the finest and most handsome of them all, and Al-Khidr killed him. When Musa, peace be upon him, saw that he denounced him even more fervently than in the first case, and said hastily:أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً(Have you killed an innocent person) meaning, a young person who had not yet committed any sin or done anything wrong, yet you killed himبِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ(without Nafs) with no reason for killing him.لَّقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئاً نُّكْراً(Verily, you have committed a thing Nukr!) meaning, something that is clearly evil.قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ لَّكَ إِنَّكَ لَن تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِىَ صَبْراً (He said: "Did I not tell you that you can have no patience with me") Once again, Al-Khidr reiterates the condition set in the first place, so Musa says to him:إِن سَأَلْتُكَ عَن شَىْءٍ بَعْدَهَا(If I ask you anything after this,) meaning, `if I object to anything else you do after this,'فَلاَ تُصَاحِبْنِى قَدْ بَلَغْتَ مِن لَّدُنِّى عُذْراً(keep me not in your company, you have received an excuse from me.) `you have accepted my apology twice.' Ibn Jarir narrated from Ibn `Abbas that Ubayy bin Ka`b said: "Whenever the Prophet mentioned anyone, he would pray for himself first. One day he said:«رَحْمَةُ اللهِ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى مُوسَى لَوْ لَبِثَ مَعَ صَاحِبِهِ لَأَبْصَرَ الْعَجَبَ، وَلَكِنَّهُ قَالَ:إِن سَأَلْتُكَ عَن شَىْءٍ بَعْدَهَا فَلاَ تُصَاحِبْنِى قَدْ بَلَغْتَ مِن لَّدُنِّى عُذْراً»(May the mercy of Allah be upon us and upon Musa. If he had stayed with his companion he would have seen wonders, but he said, (`If I ask you anything after this, keep me not in your company, you have received an excuse from me.'))"
موسیٰ علیہ السلام کی بےصبری ٭٭حضرت خضر علیہ السلام نے اس دوسری مرتبہ اور زیادہ تاکید سے موسیٰ علیہ السلام کو ان کی منظور کی ہوئی شرط کے خلاف کرنے پر تنبیہ فرمائی۔ اسی لیے موسیٰ علیہ السلام نے بھی اس بار اور ہی راہ اختیار کی اور فرمانے لگے، اچھا اب کی دفعہ اور جانے دو اب اگر میں آپ پر اعتراض کروں تو مجھے آپ اپنے ساتھ نہ رہنے دینا، یقیناً آپ بار بار مجھے متنبہ فرماتے رہے اور اپنی طرف سے آپ نے کوئی کمی نہیں کی۔ اب اگر قصور کروں تو سزا پاؤں۔ ابن جریر میں ہے سیدنا عبداللہ بن عباس رضی اللہ عنہما سیدنا ابی بن کعب رضی اللہ عنہما سے روایت کرتے ہیں کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی عادت مبارک تھی کہ جب کوئی یاد آ جاتا اور اس کے لیے آپ دعا کرتے تو پہلے اپنے لیے کرتے۔ ایک روز فرمانے لگے ہم پر اللہ کی رحمت ہو اور موسیٰ علیہ السلام پر کاش کہ وہ اپنے ساتھی کے ساتھ اور بھی ٹھہرتے اور صبر کرتے تو اور یعنی بہت سی تعجب خیز باتیں معلوم ہوتیں۔ لیکن انہوں نے تو یہ کہہ کر چھٹی لے لی کہ اب اگر پوچھوں تو ساتھ چھوٹ جائے۔ میں اب زیادہ تکلیف میں آپ کو ڈالنا نہیں چاہتا۔ [تفسیر ابن جریر الطبری:23232:صحیح] صفحہ نمبر4959
قَالَ اَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةًۢبِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ اس نے کوئی گناہ نہیں کیا تھا کسی کا خون نہیں بہایا تھا پھر بھی آپ نے اسے قتل کردیا۔
We now move to the sentence: حَتَّىٰ إِذَا لَقِيَا غُلَامًا (until when they met a boy -74). The word: غُلَام (ghulam) in the text is used for a minor boy in the Arabic usage. This boy killed by al-Khadir (علیہ السلام) was a minor - as corroborated by Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ and most commentators. Further on, when the words: نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً (innocent person) were used for him, that too supports the view that he was a minor. The reason is that زَكِيَّةً (zakiyyah) means 'free of sin' and it can be either the attribute of a prophet or a minor child who faces no accounting for what is done by him and no sin is written in his Book of Deeds.
The Quran (18:60-82) narrates Musa's journey to find al-Khidr, a servant of Allah given special knowledge. Musa promised patience, but at three perplexing actions (scuttling a ship, killing a youth, repairing a wall for ungrateful people), he could not hold back questions. Al-Khidr explained each action's hidden wisdom and departed. This narrative is foundational to Islamic epistemology — establishing that divine wisdom often operates through means invisible to human reasoning.
Al-Khidr, described in the Quran (18:65) as 'a servant from among Our servants upon whom We had bestowed mercy from Us and had taught him from Us a [certain] knowledge,' is one of the most discussed figures in Islamic theology. The majority of scholars consider him a human prophet or wali (saint) given extraordinary divine knowledge; a minority consider him an angel. His ability to see the hidden wisdom behind apparent harm (scuttling the ship to save it from a king, killing the youth to spare his parents, building the wall to preserve an inheritance) illustrates divine wisdom operating through apparent contradiction.
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