Surah Yunus • Ayah 20

The Idolators requested a MiracleThese stubborn, lying disbelievers said, "Why would not a sign be revealed to Muhammad ﷺ from his Lord." They meant a sign such as given to Salih. Allah sent the she-camel to Thamud. They wanted Allah to change the mount of As-Safa into gold or remove the mountains of Makkah and replace them with gardens and rivers. Allah is capable of doing all of that, but He is All-Wise in His actions and statements. Allah said:تَبَارَكَ الَّذِى إِن شَآءَ جَعَلَ لَكَ خَيْراً مِّن ذلِكَ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ وَيَجْعَل لَّكَ قُصُوراً - بَلْ كَذَّبُواْ بِالسَّاعَةِ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِمَن كَذَّبَ بِالسَّاعَةِ سَعِيراً(Blessed be He Who, if He wills, will assign you better than (all) that -- Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise) and will assign you palaces (in Paradise). Nay, they deny the Hour, and for those who deny the Hour, We have prepared a flaming Fire.)25:10-11 He also said:وَمَا مَنَعَنَآ أَن نُّرْسِلَ بِالاٌّيَـتِ إِلاَّ أَن كَذَّبَ بِهَا الاٌّوَّلُونَ(And nothing stops Us from sending the Ayat but that the people of old denied them.) 17:59 Allah's way of dealing with His creatures is that He would give to them if they asked things from Him. But if they then didn't believe He would expedite punishment for them. When Allah's Messenger ﷺ was given the choice of Allah giving the people what they requested but if they didn't believe they would be punished, or that their request would not be answered immediately, Allah's Messenger ﷺ chose the latter. Allah guided His Prophet to answer their question by saying:فَقُلْ إِنَّمَا الْغَيْبُ للَّهِ(Say: "The Unseen belongs only to Allah...") This Ayah means that the matter in its entirety is for Allah. He is well aware of the outcome of all matters.فَانتَظِرُواْ إِنِّى مَعَكُم مِّنَ الْمُنتَظِرِينَ("...so wait you, verily, I am with you among those who wait.") If you would not believe unless you witness that which you asked for, then wait for Allah's judgement for me, as well as for yourselves. Nonetheless, they had witnessed some of the signs and miracles of the Prophet , which were even greater than what they had asked for. In their presence, the Prophet pointed to the moon when it was full and it split into two parts, one part behind the mountain and the other before them. If they were seeking the guidance and firm knowledge by asking for signs, Allah would have known that and would have granted them what had been requested. But Allah knew that it was their obstinacy that was behind their request. Therefore Allah left them to suffer in their suspicion and doubt. Allah knew that none of them would believe. This is similar to Allah's statements:إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ وَلَوْ جَآءَتْهُمْ كُلُّ ءايَةٍ(Truly, those, against whom the Word (Wrath) of your Lord has been justified, will not believe. Even if every sign should come to them.)10:96-97 and;وَلَوْ أَنَّنَا نَزَّلْنَآ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ وَكَلَّمَهُمُ الْمَوْتَى وَحَشَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ قُبُلاً مَّا كَانُواْ لِيُؤْمِنُواْ إِلاَّ أَن يَشَآءَ اللَّهُ(And even if We had sent down unto them angels, and the dead had spoken unto them, and We had gathered together all things before their very eyes, they would not have believed, unless Allah willed.)6:111 This was in addition to their arrogance. As Allah said in another Ayah:وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَاباً مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ(And even if We opened to them a gate from the heaven.) 15:14 And He said:وَإِن يَرَوْاْ كِسْفاً مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ سَـقِطاً(And if they were to see a piece of the heaven falling down.)52:44 He also said:وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَـباً فِى قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ لَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ إِنْ هَـذَآ إِلاَّ سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ(And even if We had sent down unto you (O Muhammad) a Message written on paper so that they could touch it with their hands, the disbelievers would have said: `This is nothing but obvious magic!')6:7 Such people don't deserve to have their requests answered, for there is no benefit in answering them. These people are obstinate and stubborn as a result of their corruption and immorality. Therefore Allah told His Messenger to say:فَانتَظِرُواْ إِنِّى مَعَكُم مِّنَ الْمُنتَظِرِينَ(So wait you, verily, I am with you among those who wait.)

ثبوت صداقت مانگنے والے ٭٭کہتے ہیں کہ اگر یہ سچا نبی ہے تو جیسے آل ثمود کو اونٹنی ملی تھی انہیں ایسی کوئی نشانی کیوں نہیں ملی؟ چاہیئے تھا کہ یہ صفا پہاڑ کوسونا بنا دیتا یا مکے کے پہاڑوں کو ہٹا کر یہاں کھیتیاں باغ اور نہریں بنا دیتا۔ گو اللہ کی قدرت اس سے عاجز نہیں لیکن اس کی حکمت کا تقاضا وہی جانتا ہے۔ آیت میں ہے «تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي إِن شَاءَ جَعَلَ لَكَ خَيْرًا مِّن ذَٰلِكَ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ وَيَجْعَل لَّكَ قُصُورًا بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِالسَّاعَةِ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِمَن كَذَّبَ بِالسَّاعَةِ سَعِيرًا» [25-الفرقان:10] ‏ ” اگر وہ چاہے تو اپنے نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے لیے باغات اور نہریں بنا دے لیکن یہ پھر بھی قیامت کے منکر ہی رہیں گے اور آخر جہنم میں جائیں گے “۔ آیت میں ہے «وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَن نُّرْسِلَ بِالْآيَاتِ إِلَّا أَن كَذَّبَ بِهَا الْأَوَّلُونَ وَآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً فَظَلَمُوا بِهَا وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالْآيَاتِ إِلَّا تَخْوِيفًا» [17-الإسراء:59] ‏ ” اگلوں نے بھی ایسے معجزے طلب کئے دکھائے گئے پھر بھی جھٹلایا تو عذاب اللہ آگئے “۔ نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے بھی یہی فرمایا گیا تھا کہ ” اگر تم چاہو تو میں ان کے منہ مانگے معجزے دکھا دوں لیکن پھر بھی یہ کافر رہے تو غارت کر دیئے جائیں گے اور اگر چاہو تو مہلت دوں “۔ آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے اپنے حلم و کرم سے دوسری بات ہی اختیار کی۔ یہاں حکم ہوتا ہے کہ ” غیب کا علم اللہ ہی کو ہے تمام کاموں کا انجام وہی جانتا ہے۔ تم ایمان نہیں لاتے تو نتیجے کے منتظر رہو۔ دیکھو میرا کیا ہوتا ہے اور تمہارا کیا ہوتا ہے؟ “ آہ! کیسے بدنصیب تھے جو مانگتے تھے اس سے بدرجہا بڑھ کر دیکھ چکے تھے اور سب معجزوں کو جانے دو چاند کو ایک اشارے سے دو ٹکڑے کر دینا ایک ٹکڑے کا پہاڑ کے اس طرف اور دوسرے کا اس طرف چلے آنا کیا یہ معجزہ کس طرح اور کس معجزے سے کم تھا؟ لیکن چونکہ ان کا یہ سوال محض کفر کی بنا پر تھا ورنہ یہ بھی اللہ دکھا دیتا جن پر عذاب عملاً آ جاتا ہے وہ چاہے دنیا بھر کے معجزے دیکھ لیں انہیں ایمان نصیب نہیں ہوتا۔ آیت میں ہے «إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ وَلَوْ جَاءَتْهُمْ كُلُّ آيَةٍ حَتَّىٰ يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ» [10-یونس:96،97] ‏ یعنی ” جن لوگوں کے بارے میں خدا کا حکم (‏عذاب) قرار پاچکا ہے وہ ایمان نہیں لانے کے، جب تک کہ عذاب الیم نہ دیکھ لیں خواہ ان کے پاس ہر (‏طرح کی) نشانی آ جائے۔صفحہ نمبر3672اگر ان پر فرشتے اترتے اگر ان سے مردے باتیں کرتے اگر ہر ایک چیز ان کے سامنے کر دی جاتی پھر بھی انہیں تو ایمان نصیب نہ ہوتا اسی کا بیان آیت «وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَابًا مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ لَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَّسْحُورُونَ» [14-الحجر:14،15] ‏، اور آیت «وَإِن يَرَوْا كِسْفًا مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ سَاقِطًا يَقُولُوا سَحَابٌ مَّرْكُومٌ» [52-الطور:44] ‏، اور آیت «وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتٰبًا فِيْ قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوْهُ بِاَيْدِيْهِمْ لَقَالَ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْٓا اِنْ هٰذَآ اِلَّا سِحْـرٌ مُّبِيْنٌ» [6-الأنعام:7] ‏ میں بھی ہوا ہے۔ پس ایسے لوگوں کو ان کے منہ مانگے معجزے دکھانے بھی بے سود ہیں۔ اس لیے کہ انہوں نے تو کفر پر گرہ لگا لی ہے۔ اس لیے فرما دیا کہ ” آگے چل کر دیکھ لینا کہ کیا ہوتا ہے “۔صفحہ نمبر3673

آیت 20 وَیَقُوْلُوْنَ لَوْلاآ اُنْزِلَ عَلَیْہِ اٰیَۃٌ مِّنْ رَّبِّہٖ ج ”اور وہ کہتے ہیں کیوں نہ اتاری گئی کوئی نشانی معجزہ اس رسول صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم پر اس کے رب کی طرف سے ؟“ فَقُلْ اِنَّمَاالْغَیْبُ لِلّٰہِ فَانْتَظِرُوْاج اِنِّیْ مَعَکُمْ مِّنَ الْمُنْتَظِرِیْنَ ”آپ ﷺ کہہ دیجیے کہ غیب کا علم تو بس اللہ ہی کو ہے ‘ پس انتظار کرو ‘ میں بھی تمہارے ساتھ انتظار کر رہا ہوں۔“اپنی اس ضد اور ہٹ دھرمی کے بعد انتظار کرو کہ مشیت ایزدی سے کب ‘ کیا شے ظہور میں آتی ہے۔

CommentaryDisbelievers and Believers are two separate nationalities: Nationality based on race and country is absurdThe statement: كَانَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً (And people were but one community) in verse 19 means that the progeny of Sayyidna Adam (علیہ السلام) was essentially a single community of monotheists in the earlier stages of man's presence in the world. Shirk and Kufr were unknown as such. Then came up difference in the principle of pure monotheism that divided human beings in different nations and groups of people.How long this period of a single community of believers last? Original sources of Islamic Tradition tell us that this situation prevailed up to the time of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) (Noah). It was during his time that Shirk and Kufr showed up and he was the one who had to confront it first. (Tafsir Mazhari)Then, it is also obvious that there is a long period of time between Sayyidna Adam and Sayyidna Nuh may peace be on them both. Human race had multiplied and population had spread out in the world. The presence of differences in color, ethnicity and social life styles was natural. That people had spread themselves out in different regions would have certainly generated differences on the basis of country and homeland. Then, it is also possible that spoken languages may have become somewhat different. But, the Holy Qur'an did not allow these natural genealogical or tribal differences or those of color and country to become impediments to the grand design of one community. In fact, it did not declare the progeny of Sayyidna Adam (علیہ السلام) to be different nations and communities because of these differences. Instead, it gave them the status of one community.Of course, when Kufr and Shirk spread out and posed a threat to 'Iman or true belief, Kafirs and Mushriks were declared to be a separate community of people as indicated in: فَاخْتَلَفُوا (later, they differed). Another verse of the Holy Qur'an: هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ فَمِنكُمْ كَافِرٌ‌ وَمِنكُم مُّؤْمِنٌ is He who created you; yet there is among you a disbeliever and there is among you a believer - At-taghabun, 64:2) makes it more explicit. It tells that the thing that separates the progeny of Sayyidna Adam (علیہ السلام) created by Allah into different peoples is the deviation from 'Iman and Islam. Bonds of lineage or country do not make people separate. Bracketing human beings into different groups on the basis of language, homeland, color or race is ignorance dished out in the garb of enlightenment. It is new. But everything new is not necessarily true and wise. In fact, it might as well be the exact opposite of what is wise. Today, there are many educated people who have also fallen into the trap of this narrow concept of nationalism based on the factors enumerated above. Unfortunately, this approach towards ordering the social life of human beings is fraught with seeds of countless unseen disasters. May Allah keep Muslims safe from its evil effects.